Emotion

Motivation- A psychological process that reacts and maintains you behavior toward a goal.

Motives- are the needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel or drive people in certain directions. 

Instinct Theory- we ate motivated by inborn behaviors

Biological Motives-

·         hunger

·         thirst

·         sex

·         sleep

Social Motive-

·         Achievement

·         order

·         play

·         affiliation

Drive Theory- biological, internal motivation (homeostasis)

Incentive Theory- Environmental motivation (not as much homeostasis, more outside factors)

Drive-Reduction Theory- When an individual experiences need or drive, then they are motivated to reduce that need or drive

Hunger- does not come from the stomach, but from the brain (the hypothalamus)

Glucose- The form of sugar that circulates in the blood; provides the major source of energy for body tissues; low= hungry, high= full

Hypothalamus-

Lateral- when stimulated makes you feel hungry

Ventromedial- when stimulated makes you feel hungry

There are many environmental factors to make us hungry

1.       availability of food

2.       learned preference and habits

3.       stress

Set Point Theory- the hypothalamus regulates a stable weight

Eating Disorders-

Bulimia Nervosa- characterized by binging and purging

Anorexia Nervosa- starving of oneself to below 85% of their normal body weight

Obesity- severely overweight to the point of health complications

Equity- give and take

Altruism- unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Bystander Effect- people are less willing to help if there are others around

Social Exchange Theory- Idea that our social behavior is an exchange process, which we maximize benefits and minimize costs

Peacemaking- Give people superordinate (shared) goals that can only be achieved through cooperation