Neurotransmitters

ACETYLOHOLINE(ACH)
-deals with motor movement and memory
-lack of leads to Alzheimer



DOPA MIN
-deals with motor movement and alertness
-lack of links to Parkinson
-to much leads to schizophrenia

SEROTONIN 
-involved in mood control
-lack of leads to depression

ENDORPHIN 
-involves in pain control
-most addictive drugs deal with endorphin

DRUGS CAN BE:

AGONIST
-make neuron fire
ANTAGONIST
-stop neuron fires
RE UPTAKE
-block neurotransmitters from entering the neuron



NOR EPINEPHRINE
-helps control alertness and arousal
-lack of can lead to depression
-to much leads to bipolar

GABA (gamma-aminobatylic acid) 
-major inhibitory neuro transmitters.
-lack of lead to tremors, seizures, and insomnia


GLUTIMATE
-memory
-to much leads to migraines


AFFERENT NEURONS (SENSORY)
- take information fem the senses to the brain\

INTER NEURONS
-take messages from sensory neuron to other parts of the brain

MOTOR NEURON (EFFERENT)
-take info from brain to the rest of the body

Emotion

EMOTION
- response of the whole organism, psychological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience.

JAMES-LANGUE THEORY OF EMOTION
 -experience of emotion is awareness of physiological responses and subjective experience of emotion.

CANNON BARD
- emotion arousing stimuli simultaneously trigger, psychological responses, subjective experience of emotion.



SCHACHTER TWO FACTOR
-to experience emotion on must be physically aroused, cognitively label the arousal.

POLYGRAPH
- machine commonly used in attempts to detect lies, measures perspiration, heart beats, and breathing changes.

AMYGDALA
-a neutral key to fear learning

CATHARSIS
-emotion release, catharsis hypothesis, "releasing"


FEEL-GOOD DO-GOOD
-people tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood

ADAPTATION LEVEL PHENOMENON
-tendency to form judgement relative to a "neutral" level, brightness of lights, volumes of sound, level of income,

RELATIVE DEPRESSION
-perception that is worse off relative to those who whom one compares oneself.

Emotion

Motivation- A psychological process that reacts and maintains you behavior toward a goal.

Motives- are the needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel or drive people in certain directions. 

Instinct Theory- we ate motivated by inborn behaviors

Biological Motives-

·         hunger

·         thirst

·         sex

·         sleep

Social Motive-

·         Achievement

·         order

·         play

·         affiliation

Drive Theory- biological, internal motivation (homeostasis)

Incentive Theory- Environmental motivation (not as much homeostasis, more outside factors)

Drive-Reduction Theory- When an individual experiences need or drive, then they are motivated to reduce that need or drive

Hunger- does not come from the stomach, but from the brain (the hypothalamus)

Glucose- The form of sugar that circulates in the blood; provides the major source of energy for body tissues; low= hungry, high= full

Hypothalamus-

Lateral- when stimulated makes you feel hungry

Ventromedial- when stimulated makes you feel hungry

There are many environmental factors to make us hungry

1.       availability of food

2.       learned preference and habits

3.       stress

Set Point Theory- the hypothalamus regulates a stable weight

Eating Disorders-

Bulimia Nervosa- characterized by binging and purging

Anorexia Nervosa- starving of oneself to below 85% of their normal body weight

Obesity- severely overweight to the point of health complications

Equity- give and take

Altruism- unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Bystander Effect- people are less willing to help if there are others around

Social Exchange Theory- Idea that our social behavior is an exchange process, which we maximize benefits and minimize costs

Peacemaking- Give people superordinate (shared) goals that can only be achieved through cooperation